Sunday, January 18, 2026

The Herbicide Atrazine Activates Endocrine Gene Networks via Non-Steroidal NR5A Nuclear Receptors in Fish and Mammalian Cells

Authors: Miyuki Suzawa, Holly A. Ingraham

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0002117

Abstract Summary

Atrazine, a common US herbicide, disrupts reproductive hormones in zebrafish at environmentally relevant concentrations, increasing aromatase expression and skewing sex ratios toward females. The chemical activates SF-1 nuclear receptors through phosphorylation and cAMP signaling rather than direct binding, affecting genes crucial for steroid synthesis and reproduction in both fish and mammalian cells.

Why Brain? 🧠

Atrazine herbicide disrupts hormone systems in fish and mammals by activating reproductive genes through nuclear receptors and cell signaling pathways, potentially explaining reproductive abnormalities in wildlife.

License: CC BY.


The image is AI-generated for illustrative purposes only. Courtesy of Midjourney.

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